The Moon is the Earth's constant companion in space. It is the only natural satellite of the Earth.
We
can see the Moon because it reflects
sunlight to us here on Earth.
The
Moon does not shine like the Sun by
producing its own light. Like other
natural satellites (planets and moons)
in our solar system, it can only reflect
the Sun's light.
If you were to visit the Moon, you
would see the Earth shining as in this
photograph. That's because the Earth
reflects sunlight too.
This picture was taken from
the Apollo 8 spacecraft in 1968. That mission
was the first time men had orbited the Moon.
Galileo observed
the Moon with the telescope he built. Here
are two of his drawings.